For two decades a cohort study following the kidney health of Aboriginal and Non Aboriginal young people in NSW. In 2021, ARDAC evolved into a data linkage project to evaluate the cohort’s healthcare utilisation and kidney health trajectory. The breadth and scope of this data linkage is unique, making it the largest dataset focused on the emergence of chronic disease and kidney health of First Nations Peoples anywhere in the world. There are three main aims for Phase 4 of ARDAC. The first is to determine the life-course of the development of chronic disease from childhood to adulthood among Aboriginal peoples. The second is to understand the complex interplay between a range of sociodemographic factors, such as age, gender, socioeconomic disadvantage and geography, in the development of chronic disease among Aboriginal peoples, from childhood to adulthood. While the third is to use these understandings to inform the development, implementation and evaluation of a range of community co-designed programs and services in partnership with Aboriginal community-controlled health services in New South Wales, Australia.